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Primitive (phylogenetics)
Primitive in phylogenetics means a character, trait or feature of a lineage or taxon that is inherited from the common ancestor of a clade (or clade group) and has undergone little change since. Conversely, a trait that appears ''within'' the clade group (that is, is present in any subgroup within the clade but not all) is called advanced. A clade is a group in which all members have the same common ancestor.
A "primitive" trait is the original condition of that trait in the common ancestor; "advanced" indicates a notable change from the original condition. These terms in biology contain no judgement about the sophistication, superiority, value or adaptiveness of the named trait. Primitive in biology means only that the character appeared first in the common ancestor of a clade group and has been passed on largely intact to more recent members of the clade. Advanced means the character has evolved within a later subgroup of the clade.
==Primitiveness of characters is determined by context==
Primitive and advanced are relative terms. When a trait is called "primitive", the determination is based on the perspective from which the trait is viewed. Any trait can be both primitive (ancestral) and advanced depending on the context in which it is considered.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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